Quantum Physics

Topological physics

Topological physics studies properties of materials and systems that remain unchanged under continuous deformations, such as stretching or bending, but not tearing or gluing. These properties are described by topological invariants, which lead to phenomena like robust edge states in topological insulators and quantized conductance in the quantum Hall effect. These robust properties are immune to local perturbations, making them valuable for applications in quantum computing and novel materials science.